Naga Worship in Kerala
The Sarpa Bali tradition in Kerala is among the oldest continuous forms of deity worship in South India, predating the Vedic period itself. Kerala’s sacred groves (Kavu) have served as sanctuaries for Naga worship for millennia, where serpent deities are honoured as guardians of the land, water, and ancestral lineage.
The word "Bali" comes from the Sanskrit root meaning an offering given with complete surrender. In the Sarpa Bali context, the devotee approaches the Naga deity with humility, acknowledging any karmic transgressions against serpents—deliberate or unknowing—by oneself or one’s ancestors, and offering prescribed items as atonement and reverence.
“The Nagas are guardians of the earth’s hidden treasures and the keepers of ancestral memory. To offer Bali to the Nagas is to reconcile with the earth itself.”
— Kerala Tantra Oral Tradition